ABSTRACT
Somalia has a significant place in the livestock sector in the Horn of Africa;livestock trade and export is one of the key economic contributors. Most of the livestock trade happens with the Middle East, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia being one of its biggest importers. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to both massive loss of life and huge economic losses as the result of measures to contain the virus. In June 2020, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia took the decision to restrict the number of pilgrims for the annual Hajj. Impacts resulted in a decline in income from the seasonal Hajj of 80 per cent, though domestically prices of livestock remained stable and local markets were used for livestock sales. This paper, besides highlighting the effects, provides recommendations which could inform strategic planning, humanitarian aid, and resilience building for the livestock value chain in Somalia and the Horn of Africa.
ABSTRACT
This discussion paper brings together a series of studies undertaken through the Policies, Institutions and Markets (PIM) collaborative research programme flagship project on the governance of natural resources, that focused on the dynamics of pastoral women and land. The studies were undertaken between 2018 and 2021, and focused on Ethiopia, Tanzania and India. It was anticipated that in each country there would be three components to the research: (i) contextual analysis, including a review of policy and legislation;(ii) studies on understanding the land tenure security of pastoralist women and the relationship to local investments in land and resources;and (iii) studies on the impact of development or gender-focused interventions on land tenure security of pastoralist women and their investments in land and resources. Due to limited resources and the large scope of the project together with unanticipated challenges such as the Covid-19 pandemic, the research had to be more 'opportunistic' and 'reactive' and not all questions were addressed to the same degree in all countries.